Means for weaving tuft pile fabrics



Aug. 15, 1933. F. DARIENZO 1,923,030

MEANS FOR WEAVING TUFT FILE FABRICS Filed April 4. 1932 2 Sheets-Sheet l lI i I: Qi6$ K 1 //VI/ENTOR ATTORNEY Aug. 15, 1933. F. DARIENZO 1,923,030

' MEANS FOR WEAVING TUFT FILE FABRICS Filed April 4. 1952 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 A TTORA/EY l Patented Aug. 15, 1933 UNITED STATES MEANS FOR WEAVING TUFT PILEFABRICS Frank Darienzo, Amsterdam, N. Y., as'signor to Bigelow-' Sanford Carpet Co. Inc., Thompsonville, Conn., a Corporation of Massachusetts Application April 4, 1932. Serial No. 602,914

11 Claims.

This invention relates to a method and means for weaving tuft pile fabrics, and more particularly tuft pile fabrics having a well defined pattern on the back.

Tuft pile fabrics, such, for instance, as Axminster and like carpets and rugs, as produced under methods and by means heretofore known, present an objectionable looseness of the pile forming tufts due to the fact the tufts are not drawn sufliciently tight about the tuft holding weft shot on the beat-up of the binding weft shot with the result that the pile forming tufts soon work loose and become detached from the ground fabric, and the pattern on the back presents a distorted and unsatisfactory appearance.

One of the objects of the present invention is to produce tuft pile fabrics of the Axminster type wherein the objections heretofore existing may be entirely eliminated, the pile forming tufts be securely anchored in the foundation or ground fabric, and a well defined reproduction of the pile pattern be produced on the back.

In accordance with the present invention the pile forming tufts are looped about a holding weft shot, the loops are then supported while the warps are crossed to prevent any disturbance or displacement of the loops, and prior to the beatup of the tuft binding weft shot, the fabric is let back automatically to present the unsupported loops of the pile forming tufts to the beat-up action of the binding weft shot which thereupon tightens the free loops about the holding weft shot and securely anchors the loops in proper position for the production of a clear and well defined pattern of the pile surface upon the back.

As a means for carrying out the purposes of the present invention, the loom is provided with a combined take-up and a let-back mechanism, the former of which is in action to take-up the fabric as woven until just prior to the beat-up of the tuft binding weft shot, whereupon the take-up is rendered inoperative and the letback is rendered operative to carry the tufts back and meet the binding weft shot on the beat-up while'the loops of the tufts are unsupported.

In the particular weave shown as exemplifying the invention, and starting with the weft shot just prior to the tuft holding weft shot, the take up is operative to take-up the fabric and remains operative to take up the fabric on the tuft holding weft shot, while the let-back is inoperative so that the two shots mentioned are drawn over the breast plate which serves to hold the loop of the tufts in place. On the third weft shot, which is the binding shot for the tufts, the

a given distance by the take-up and before the binding weft shot is beaten up to the fell of the fabric, the first two shots are moved back a portion of the distance.

The invention and novel features thereoiwill best be made clear from the following description and accompanying drawings of one practical form or. embodiment thereof, it being understood that modiflcation may be made in the means for practicing the invention without departing from the true scope thereof as defined in the claims.

In the drawings:

Fig. 1 is a side elevation of a tuft pile fabric loom of the Axminster type containing the present invention, some of the parts being shown in section;

Fig. 1' is a detached detail showing the circles off Fig. 2 is a front elevation of the take-up and let-off detached from the other main portion of the loom;

Fig. 3 is an enlarged sectional view on the line 3-3 of Fig. 2; and

Figs. 4, 5, 6 and 7 are enlarged details showing the successive steps in carrying out the method of the present invention.

The invention will be herein described in connection with an Axminster loom wherein the pile forming tufts are taken from a chain or carrier and presented to the weaving point, by tube frames, but in the broader aspect the invention is not necessarily confined to this type of tuft pile fabric loom.

The loom frame 10 may be of usual or suitable construction for the support of the operating parts and rising from the loom frame are the standards 11 having brackets 12 for supporting the chain moving shaft 13. Mounted on the shaft 13 is the sprocket 14 about which the chain or carrier 15 passes.

The carrier or chain 15 supports a number of tube frames 16 and as the sprocket 14 is turned in a manner now well understood in the art suci those familiar with Axminster looms.

The reed carrier or lay 20 is mounted on the shaft 21 for rocking movement and carries ythe reed 22 which may also be of usual construction and the reed carrier or lay may be' actuated as usual from any moving element of the loom.

Mounted at the front of the loom on the standards 23 is the fixied breast plate 24 from which the fabric is fed during weaving.

It is usual in looms of the Ax'minster type to provide a comb for turning the rear leg of the tuft yarns upwardly through the warp threads. In the present instance of the invention the comb 25 is supported on the rocking arm 26 and is actuated through. the usual comb operating members 27 and 28 to impart to the comb its tuft positioning and withdrawing movements as usual. The warp threads, of which there are three sets in the present example of the invention, are supplied from warp beams 29 and 30 which may be mounted at the rear portion of .the loom frame.

The parts so far described are and may be of any usual and well known construction and being well understood by those skilled inthe art further elucidation of these details is unnecessary.

Mounted upon the bracket 31 at the front portion of the loom is a take-up and let-oif shaft 32 which is mounted for turning movement in the bearings 33 carried by the bracket.

The take-up and let-off shaft 32 has a worm 34 which meshes with the teeth of a worm wheel 35 connected'to the spike roller 36 over which the fabric passes as itis woven, the construction being such that .upon rotative movement being imparted to the take-up and let-off shaft 32 the spike roll will be rotatedin' one direction or the other accordingto the direction of rotation of the take-up and let-off shaft 32.

In accordance with the present invention the spike roll 36 and consequently the fabric engaged thereby will be controlled in its movements by automatically acting takeup and let-back mechanisms, and while variationsmay be made to effect the take-up and let-back of the fabric, the invention is. shown as embodied in take-up and let-back ratchets which are secured to the takeup and let back shaft 32.

Secured for rotative movement with the takeup and let back shaft 32 are the ratchet disks 37 and 38, which are actuated periodically either to take up the fabric as it is-woven or to let back the fabric in carrying outthe method of the present invention.

The take-up ratchet 37 is operated by a pawl 39 mounted upon a carrier 40 swinging loosely about the take-up and let-off shaft 32. Similarly the let-oil ratchet 38 is actuated by apawl 41, disposed at the opposite side of the shaft 32,

- as shown, and mounted upon a carrier 42 turning loosely on the take-up and let-off shaft 32 to cause the let-off ratchet 38 to let back the cloth.

Associated with each of the ratchets 37 and 38 is asshield which controls the operative or inoperative condition of the take-up pawl 39 and the letback pawl 41, the construction being such that when one of these pawls is operative the other is rendered inoperative and vice versa.

other pawl inactive.

Secured to the cross girth 45 are the brackets 46-of which there may be two or more and rising from the shaft 47 mounted in said brackets is a bell cranklever the upper arm 48 of which-is connected by a, link 49 to the take-up pawl carrier. 40 to impart thereto take-up movements. The other arm 50 of the take-up lever carries a roll 51 which is engaged at times withthe cams 52 mounted upon the cam disk 53 so that upon rotation of the cam disk which is secured to the cam shaft 54 the take-up ratchet will be actuated to turn the spike roll 36 in a direction to take up the fabric.

Mounted upon the shaft 55 is a bell crank lever the upper arm 56 of which is connected by the link 57 to the carrier 42 for actuating the letback pawl 41. The other arm 58 of the bell crank just described is connected by a link 59 to a lever 60 pivotally mounted at 61 on one of the brackets 46 and the free end portion of the lever 60 has a roll 62 adapted to engage at times with a letback cam 63 mounted upon the cam disk 64, Fig. 1.

Mounted upon the shaft 47 is another bell crank lever, the upper arm 65 of which is con-v nected by the link 66 to the upper arm of a rocking lever 67 mounted on the bracket 31 at 68. The other arm 69 of the bell crank carries a roll 70 adapted to be engaged at times by the shield operating cam member 71 secured upon the circle ordisk 72, Fig. 1".

The lower arm of the lever 67 is connected by a link 73 to the upper shield 43. Likewise the lower arm of the lever 67 is connected by a link 74 to the lower shield 44, the construction being such that upon rocking movement of the lever 67 through the means described one shield will be made effective to permit operation of the associated actuating pawl while the other shield will render its associated pawl inoperative with the result that'during loom operation the takeup mechanism may be actuated to take up the cloth while the let-back mechanism is rendered inoperative and conversely at other times the takeup mechanism will be rendered inoperative while the let-back mechanism will be operative, and the change from one to the other of these conditions is automatic.

Referring to Figs. 4, 5, 6 and 7 as showing the steps in carrying out the present method, the first weft shot 1 has been passed through the shed and the warp threads cross while the pile I forming tuft yarns a have been passed between the warp threads. As shown in Fig. 4 the holding shot 2 has been passed through the shed and during the laying of both of said weft shots 1 and 2 the take-up is operative while the let-back is inoperative.

In Fig. 5 the holding weft shot 2 has been beaten up with the pile forming tuft yarns looped about it and during the laying of the two weft shots 1 and 2 the take-up remains active so that the loop of the tuft yarns now rests upon the breast plate 24 where it is held. The comb 25 now enters between the warp threads and engages the rear leg of the pile forming tuft yarns a, as indicated 1 in Fig; 6 and passes it upwardly between the warp threads, the loop of the tuft yarn being still supported by the breast plate 24.

The binding weft shot 3 is now passed through the shed and the reed 22 begins its beat-up movement. As the reed approaches the fell of the fabric the comb 25 is withdrawn and the fabric is let back to meet the binding shot 3 as it approaches close to the fell of the fabric, with the result that the binding weft shot 3 may act upon the pile forming tuft yarns and tighten the now unsupported loops of the tuft yarns closely about the holding weft shot 2.

In the particular weave wherein there are three weft shots to each cycle, the take-up remains operative during the first and second shots, as indicated, and following the second shot which is the holding shot, the comb turns the rear leg of the tuft yarn upwardly toward the warp threads and the binding weft shot is inserted in the shed, so that during the beat-up of the binding weft shot the take-up is rendered inoperative and the let-back is rendered operative to move the tuft yarn back of the breast plate to meet the oncoming binding weft shot, the effect being that the loops of the pile forming tufts while in a temporary unsupported condition are drawn tightly about the holding weft shot to secure the tuft yarns in place and perforce form a well defined pattern on the back of the finished fabric.

What is claimed is:-

1. In a tuft pile fabric loom, the combination of means for looping pile forming tuft yarns about a weft shot in the shed, a breast plate by which the loop of the pile forming yarns is held, a takeup and let back mechanism acting automatically to take up the fabric as it is woven and to automatically let back the fabric to disengage the loops of the pile forming tuft from the breast plate on the beat up of the binding weft shot for the pile forming tuft.

2. In a tuft pile fabric loom, the combination of means for looping pile forming yarn about a back weft shot in the shed, a breast plate for holding the loops of the pile forming tuft yarns as they are looped about the back weft shot,a take-up and let-back mechanism acting automatically to take up the fabric as it is woven and to let back the fabric and disengage the loops of the pile forming tuft yarns from the breast plate on the beat up of the tuft binding weft shot that the loops of the pile forming yarns may be tightened about the back weft shot to produce a well defined pattern of the tuft yarns on the back.

3. In a tuft pile fabric loom, the combination of means for looping pile forming yarns about a back weft shot in the shed, a support for holding the loops of the pile forming tuft yarns when they are looped about the back weft shot, a takeup and let-back mechanism acting automatically during each complete cycle of the loom operation to (1) take up the fabric as it is woven and (2) let back the fabric on each cycle to disengage the loops of. the pile forming tufts from the support on the beat up of the tuft binding weft shot that the loops of the pile forming tufts may be tightened about the back weft shot to produce a well defined pattern on the back.

4. In a tuft pile fabric loom, the combination of means for looping pile forming yarn about a back weft shot in the shed, a breast plate by which the loops of the pile forming tufts are supported, a'comb for turning the rear leg of a tuft yarn through the warps, a take-up for advancing the fabric as it is woven, and a let back acting automatically to let back the fabric to present the rear leg of the pile forming tuft back of the breast plate on the beatup of the tuft binding weft shot that the loops of the pile forming tufts while unsupported by the breast plate maybe tightened about the back shots.

5. In a tuft pile fabric loom, the combination of means for looping pile forming tuft yarns about a back weft shot, a breast plate across which the fabric is drawn as woven and by which the loops of the pile forming tufts are held in place when looped about the back weft shots, 9. take-up for advancing the fabric as woyen, a letback acting automatically to let back the fabric after the loops of the pile forming yarns have been passed about the back weft shot to present the loops of the tuft yarn back of the breast plate to the beat up action of the tuft binding weft shot that the loops of the pile forming tufts may be freely drawn tightly about the back weft shot.

6. In a tuft pile fabric loom, the combination of means for looping pile forming tuft yarns about a back weft shot, a breast plate across which the fabric is drawn as woven and by which the loops of the pile forming tufts are held in place when looped about the back weft shots, a take-up and let-back mechanism comprising a fabric engaging roll, means to turn the roll to take up the fabric, and means automatically to let back the roll to free the loops of the tuft forming yarns from the breast plate on the beat up of the tuft binding weft shot.

7. In a tuft pile fabric loom, the combination of means for looping pile forming yarns about a holding weft shot, a breast plate for supporting the loops of the tuft yarns, means acting to take up the fabric as it is woven, and means operating periodically to suspend the take up and to let back the fabric to carry the loops of the pile forming tufts back of the breast plate that the binding shot for the tuft yarns may freely draw the loops of the pile forming yarns about the holding weft shot.

8. In a tuft pile fabric loom, the combination of means for looping pile forming yarns about a back weft shot, a breast plate, a take-up for ad'- vancing the fabric and positioning the loops of the pile forming tufts in holding engagement with the breast plate, a let-back acting automatically to let back the fabric periodically to free the loops of the pile forming tufts from engagement with the breast plate on the beat up of the binding weft shot for the pile forming loops.

9. In a tuft pile fabric loom, the combination of means for looping pile forming tuft yarns about a holding weft shot, a roll over which the fabric passes, a shaft operatively connected to the roll for turning it, take-up mechanism for turning the shaft in one direction to advance the fabric as it is woven, a let-back mechanism for turning the shaft in the opposite direction to let back the fabric, and controlling means for said mechanisms acting automatically to render one of said mechanism operative and the other inoperative periodically to take up the fabric and then let back the fabric on the beat up of the binding weft shot for the pile forming tufts.

10. In a tuft pile fabric loom, the combination of a breast plate, means for looping pile forming tuft yarns about a back weft shot, a roll over which the. fabric passes, a shaft operatively connected to the roll for turning it, take-up mechanism for turning the shaft in one direction to take up the fabric as it is woven, a let-back mechanism for turning theshaft in the opposite direction to let back the fabric and position the loops of the pile forming tufts back of the breast plate on the vbeat up of the binding weft shot, and controlling loops of the pile forming yarns, a combined takeup and let-back comprising a rotatable shaft, ratchet and pawl 'mechanism for turning said shaft in one direction to take up the fabric, ratchet and pawl mechanism for turning the shaft in the'opposite direction to let back the fabric, and means actuated by a going part of the loom for rendering the take-up ratchet and pawl operative and the let-back ratchet andpawl inoperative for a plurality of weft shots, and the take-up ratchet and pawl inoperative and the let back ratchet and pawl operative for a single tuft binding weft shot that'the tuft may be presented to the binding weft shot back of the breast plate.

FRANK DARIENZO. 

